Courier-IMAP is an IMAP server which is part of the Courier mail system. It provides access only to maildirs.
There is a format string vulnerability in the auth_debug() function which can be exploited remotely, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution as the user running the IMAP daemon (oftentimes root). A remote attacker may send username or password information containing printf() format tokens (such as "%s"), which will crash the server or cause it to execute arbitrary code.
This vulnerability can only be exploited if DEBUG_LOGIN is set to something other than 0 in the imapd config file.
If DEBUG_LOGIN is enabled in the imapd configuration, a remote attacker may execute arbitrary code as the root user.
Set the DEBUG_LOGIN option in /etc/courier-imap/imapd to 0. (This is the default value.)
All courier-imap users should upgrade to the latest version:
# emerge sync
# emerge -pv ">=net-mail/courier-imap-3.0.5"
# emerge ">=net-mail/courier-imap-3.0.5"